Polymerisation in Alkenes

• Addition Polymerisation: Polymers are named as poly- (alkene
monomer).
• All alkene reactions in this topic are addition reaction so 100%
atom economy- no waste products.
• Remember n, should be on correct side and correct posiiton.
• Repeat Unit: Repeat unit is monomer but without double bond.
• Polymers non- biodegradable so amount of waste growing.
• Recycling Polymers: This conserves fossil fuels. Decreases amount of waste in landfill.
• PVC: When PVC burnt, releases hydrogen chloride which is a corrosive gas and forms acid rain.
• Uses of Waste Polymers:
– Combustion for energy production.
– Use as an organic feedstock.
– Separating into types and recycled.
– Removal of toxic waste products- removal of HCl formed by disposal by combustion of
halogenated plastics- e.g. PVC.
• By developing polymers below, reduce problems of landfill waste and the toxic gases produced
when polymers burnt.

Develop Photodegradable Polymers- Contain bonds weakened by absorbing light to start
degradation. Light sensitive additives in structure catalyse their breakdown to CO2 and H2O.
– Develop Biodegradable Polymers- Can be broken down by microorganisms into water and
carbon dioxide. Made from starch or cellulose.
• International Cooperation: All countries contribute to pollution. Richer countries can help poor.
Cooperation means scientists can share ideas.