IB Chemistry: Topic 10: Organic Chemistry Hydrocarbons and an Introduction to Halogenoalkanes CONTENTS General Information Aliphatic Hydrocarbons o Alkanes o Alkenes o Alkynes o Cyclic Forms Aromatic Hydrocarbons Introduction to Halogenoalkanes GENERAL INFORMATION As...
10.6 - Reaction Pathways The different reactions that are possible for organic compounds are explained in more detail in previous sections. Some are outlined in this section too. It is important to be able to manipulate the reactions and create combinations that will...
10.5 - Halogenoalkanes The halogens are the seventh group on the periodic table, including elements such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. Halogenoalkanes have a halogen bonded to the skeleton of the alkane. They have the general formula: Where...
10.4 - Alcohols Alcohols have the general formula: 10.4.1 - Describe, using equations, the complete combustion of alcohols Alcohols will not affect the pH of a solution as they do not behave as bases and are weaker acids than water. Alcohols are useful fuels because...
10.3 – Alkenes 10.3.1 - Describe, using equations, the reactions of alkenes with hydrogen and halogens Alkenes undergo addition reactions. This is when two substances react to form a single substance. Alkenes are more reactive that alkanes, as the double bond can be...
10.2 – Alkanes 10.2.1 - Explain the low reactivity of alkanes in terms of bond enthalpies and bond polarity Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons. They are non-polar molecules, so they are insoluble in water, along with being less dense that water. In their pure form,...
10.1 – Introduction to Organic Chemistry 10.1.1 - Describe the features of a homologous series Compounds of carbon that are in a homologous series have common characteristics. One of these is that they are all hydrocarbons, meaning that they are made up of carbon and...