Processing Speed and Capacity: different due to the speed at which they process information and their ability to stretch the capacity of their STM Miller: magic number 7 – we can hold 7 plus or minus 2 items of information in STM Chunking: grouping together connected...
Sebastian and Hernandez-Gil (2012): developmental issues in memory span development Children ages between 5-8 years old have a digit span of around 4 items, which raises to around 5 items by the age of 17, when it stops developing Digit span is additional evidence...
Sensory memory is taken in from the environment, it lasts 1-2 seconds and then if no attention is given to it, then the information is forgotten If information is given attention then it is passed on into the short term memory, which can hold 5-9 items at a time There...
Proposed as an alternative for MSM, challenging the concept of a single unitary store for STM Four Components: central executive, phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketchpad, episodic buffer Central Executive: controls the slave systems, directs attention to particular...
Semantic Memory: structured record of facts, meanings, concepts and knowledge about the external world Episodic Memory: stored information about events that we have experienced in our lives Procedural Memory: involves the knowledge of knowing how to do things (memory...
Effort after meaning: trying to make sense of an event in terms of what they already know Information may be remembered in a distorted way because they are imaginative reconstructions of the original information in light of each individual’s past experiences and...
Previous research has shown that STM for word sequences is affected by acoustically similar words but less affected by semantically similarity Aims: To test whether LTM will be similarly affected as STM by word sequences To test the effect of semantic and acoustic...
Digit Span: memory span and capacity of STM without rehearsal: it can be tested by reading a sequence of numbers to someone which increases each time Aims To study the developmental pattern of working memory over time, including changes from ageing or dementia To...
Had brain surgery to alleviate the severe symptoms of epilepsy which involved removal of the hippocampus Suffered anterograde (can’t store new memories) and retrograde amnesia (loss of memory of events) Retrograde amnesia meant he was unable to retrieve memories from...