Reinforcement tells you what to do, punishment tells you what not to do
- Reinforcement: any consequence that strengthens a behaviour
- Positive Reinforcement: strengthens a response by presenting positive stimulus
- Negative Reinforcement: strengthens a response by removing/reducing an aversive stimulus
- Punishment: any consequence that decreases the frequency of a preceding behaviour
- Positive Punishment: aversive stimuli given e.g parking ticket
- Negative Punishment: withdrawal of a desirable stimulus e.g Xbox taken away
- Primary Reinforcement: has an evolutionary basis e.g food, sleep, air
- Secondary Reinforcement: involves stimulus that have become rewarding by being paired with another reinforcing stimulus e.g money = food
NOTE:
- Positive = something is given
- Negative = something is taken away