Topic 2: Genes and Health

TREATMENTS

ETHICAL DECISIONS 1.RIGHTS + DUTIES Human rights – right to life = fair trial Guardians have duty to their ward Rights occur from religion + social conventions 2.MAXIMISING THE AMOUNT OF GOOD IN THE WORLD Utilitarianism believe that you should to the best thing for...

GENETIC COUNSELLING                         Helps us to understand how disease is inherited and the chance so children being carriers or victims of the disease Explain available tests Explains possible courses of action to take place after test...

GENETIC TESTING                                                     What is genetic testing? Genetic testing is the use of laboratory tests to determine the genetic status of individuals already suspected to be at high risk for a particular genetic disorder based on...

GENETIC TESTING  Ethical Issues: (Germ line therapy is illegal due to these reasons) Might affect the development of a fetus in unexpected ways Long-term side effects that are not yet known. People who would be affected by germline gene therapy are not yet born, so...

GENE THERAPY Gene therapy involves inserting copies of a normal allele into the chromosomes of an individual who carries a faulty allele. If a mutated gene causes a necessary protein to be faulty or missing, gene therapy may be able to introduce a normal copy of the...

MUTATIONS                                   There are many environmental factors (e.g. UV radiation) that could cause gene mutations but it can also be inherited. When the DNA is being built an incorrect base may slip into place which could cause a mutation in the...

DNA REPLICATION The Process: DNA strands run anti-parallel to one another Enzyme helicase unzips the double helix and the hydrogen bonds between bases break Free nucleotides line up with their complimentary bases and hydrogen bonds form DNA polymerase allows the free...

COMPLIMENTARY BASE PAIRING Genetic Code A triplet code is a sequence of three bases along a single strand of DNA. Each triplet code is ‘read’ and calls for a specific amino acid. Each triplet is code for one amino acid. There are 20 different amino acids in the body...

RNA RNA is a type of nucleic acid called ribonucleic acid. The RNA nucleotides are joined to form a single strand. The nucleotides are joined by a bond between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next. TYPES of RNA                         Messenger...