Polar and sub-polar areas high latitude areas are mainly affected by freeze-thaw action. conditions may also occur on mountains in temperate areas. degree of activity depends on the no of freeze-thaw cycles not the degree of frost, so rate of W in cold areas is...
Freeze-thaw water goes into cracks, expands 10%, widens crack. stress from expansion is greater than rock resistance. repeats, results in disintegration and scree production. no. cycles rather than intensity of frost is the main feature. not active in winters with...
Hydrolysis when mineral is broken down by reaction with reaction. occurs in acid conditions. important in silicate minerals that form most rocks, especially the mineral feldspar. reaction includes carbonation. produces clay residue and various solutions which are...
Creep slow, downslope movement of unconsolidated material and soft rocks. plastic flow: clay rich material is liable. when a solid behaves like a liquid. will happen on saturated thick surface deposits on steeper slopes. can be affected by pressure from overlying...
How human activity can result in mass movement on slopes excavations: most common way human activity can result in mass movement is where ground is removed. (road/rail cuttings, to make level ground for a building). in areas prone to mass movements it can create a...
weathering is the decay/disintegration of rocks in situ. doesn’t transport materials away. eolith are weathered materials and the surface cover of loose unconsolidated materials. Factors influencing weathering climate: temp and rainfall have greatest effect. cold...