4.6 Metallic Bonding Metallic bonds Metallic bond is the electrostatic force of attraction between the delocalised electrons and the positive metal ions Take sodium as an example, in the solid state, sodium atoms are packed so closely together that the 3s...
4.7 Bonding and Physical Properties of Substances Physical state at room temperature 1) Ionic compounds - Ionic compounds are solids at room temperature, this is because the ionic bond holding the oppositely-charged ions is very strong, a lot of energy is...
4.5 Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular and intramolecular forces Intramolecular force is the force of attraction that hold individual atoms together in a molecule. Commonly referred to as covalent bonds. Intermolecular force is the force of attraction...
4.4 Electronegativity, Bond Polarity, Bond Length and Bond Energy Electronegativity Electronegativity is the ability of an atom which is covalently bonded to the other atom to attract the bond pair of electrons towards itself The more electronegative an atom is,...
4.3 Shapes of Molecules Valence shell electron pair repulsion(VSEPR) theory All electrons are negatively-charged, so they will repel each other when they are close together So, a pair of electrons in the bonds surrounding the central atom in a molecule will repel...
4.2 Covalent Bonding Formation of covalent bond Covalent bond is the electrostatic force of attraction that two neighbouring nuclei have for a localised pair of electrons shared between them Covalent bond is formed without transferring electrons, instead, the...
4.1 Ionic Bonding Formation of ionic bond Ionic bond is the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely-charged ions formed by the complete transfer of electrons from an atom to another atom. Ionic bond is also called electrovalent bond 1. An...
CHAPTER 4: Chemical Bonding Ionic Bonding Covalent Bonding Shapes of Molecules Electronegativity, Bond Polarity, Bond Length and Bond Energy Intermolecular Forces Metallic Bonding Bonding and Physical Properties of Substances Learning outcomes: describe ionic...