Notes
Question 4
Question 3
Question 2
Question 1
The Goigi apparatus is part B, and tilis has been excluded by the question. 1/2
Identifying sources of error
Questions and answers
Drawing conclusions and interpreting data
Graphs and other ways of displaying data
Recording measurements and other data
Notices :
Practical exam – Taking measurements
Tips Every time you take a reading or make a measurement, get into the habit of working out and writing down the error (uncertainty) in each reading
How to get high marks in Paper 3 – Variables
AS Experimental skills and investigations
Summary of Ecology
2. End-of-chapter questions
The nitrogen cycle
Ecology
Summary of Immunity
Immunity and vaccination
Action of T-lymphocytes
Action of B-lymphocytes
The immune response – Lymphocytes
. .
The immune system – Phagocytes
Summary of Smoking
Cigarette smoking and health
Summary of Gas exchange
The gas exchange system
Summary of The mammalian heart
Summary of The mammalian transport system
Pulmonary and systemic circulation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QIEIH6_mC1Q Video Human circulation system https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_qmNCJxpsr0
The Heart
The components of blood, O2 and CO2 transport
The circulatory system – blood vessels
Summary of Transport in multicellular plants
Transport In phloem
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MxwI63rQubU
Movement of Water and Minerals in the Xylem
Structure of transport tissues in plants
Summary of Genetic control
Gene mutation, sickle cell anaemia
The genetic code – protein synthesis
DNA structurer and replication
Summary of Cell and Nuclear division
Control of cell division, Stem cell, Haploid and Diploid cells
Mitosis
DNA structure
Summary of Cell membrane
Surface area to volume ratios, Investigating diffusion
Passive and active transport across cell membranes
Fluid Mosaic Model of the plasma menbrane
Summary of Enzymes
Michaelis – Menten Equation and Immobilising an enzyme
Factors affecting the rate of enzyme-catalysed reactions
Related post: Enzimes and reactions Following the course of an enzyme-catalysed reaction
Following the course of an enzyme-catalysed reaction
Enzymes – active site, activation energy, enzyme specificity
Summary of Biological Molecules
Water
Globular and fibrous proteins – haemoglobin and collagen
Protein – Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary structure
Proteins – amino acids, peptid bonds
Lipids – Triglycerides and Phospholipids.
Lipids containing unsaturated fatty acids ---> unsaturated lipids (in plant)
Tests for carbohydrates
Additional resource: mrothery.co.uk
Carbohydrates – Polysaccharides
Carbohydrates – Monosaccharides, disaccharides
Summary of Cell structure
Plan diagrams of tissue and organ, prokaryotic and eukariotic cells
Cell structure and function
Microscopy
2 Summary of Genetic technology
Herbicide and insect resistant crops
Genetically modified organisms
Gene therapy
Genetic screening
Genetic markers and microarrays
Bioinformatics
PCR and gel electrophoresis
Genetic engineering basics
Summary Biodiversity and conservation
3 There are moral and ethical reasons for maintaining biodiversity, and also more practical ones. For example, we may be able to use plants to provide medicines, and animals to provide alleles to use in animal breeding. 4 Species may become in danger of extinction...
International conservation and restoring degraded habitats
Controlling alien species
Assisted reproduction and problems of successful conservation
Protecting endangered species
The need to maintain biodiversity
Threats to biodiversity
Classification
Assessing species diversity
Biodiversity
Summary of Selection and Evolution
Species and speciation
Evolution and Extinction
Artificial selection
Natural selection
Genetic variation
Summary of Inherited change
2 Diploid organisms contain two copies of each gene in each of their cells. In sexual reproduction, gametes are formed containing one copy of each gene. Each off spring receives two copies of each gene, one from each of its parents. 3 The cells produced by meiosis are...
Gene control in eukaryotes
Gene control in prokaryotes (lac operon)
Genetic mutations
Genetic diagrams
Terms for human genetics
Meiosis
Gametogenesis
Summary of Homeostasis and Co-ordination
3 Homeostatic equilibrium requires receptors that detect changes in physiological parameters such as the temperature, water potential and pH of the blood. Effectors are the cells, tissues and organs that carry out the functions necessary to restore those parameters to...