How Was Imperialism Represented in Popular Culture?

  • British population bombarded by imperial imagery, much encouraged by British government. Empire Marketing Board set up in 1926 following efforts of Leo Amery promoted consumption in Britain of items produced in Empire through posters and advertising campaigns. Became incredibly active during the Great Depression.
  • Exhibitions staged, such as Wembley Exhibition of 1924 to which British government contributed 2.2 million à over 17 million attended in 1924 and 9 million in 1925.
    • National pavilions designed in style of countries represented and said to be possible to do Empire in a day. The Prince of Wales agreed for exhibition ‘… to enable all who owe allegiance to the British flag to meet on common ground and learn to know each other.’
  • Imperial exhibition in Glasgow in 1938 attracted 12 million and boosted Scottish economy.
  • Establishment of BBC who took pro-imperial stance was useful. Christmas broadcasts from 1932 with King’s speech, who had some 10 million listeners in first broadcast. Historian John Mackenzie said this aided British public to be aware of what was going on in Empire àe. Amritsar Massacre
  • Prominence in education, forming focal point for teachings of Geography, History and Literature. Works of Rudyard Kipling widely used. Historical study of Empire became established at universities and universities also trained colonial servants.
  • Children’s literature and works of G.A. Henty remained popular. Films such as The Four Feathers in 1939 portrayed Empire as a backdrop of adventure.
  • Composers still produced imperialistic music. 1924 Empire Exhibition, the works of Edward Elgar used as he conducted mass choirs. Other songs like ‘Mad Dogs’ by Noel Coward were more mocking of British ideas towards Empire.

Commercial advertising often used to promote empire goods. Companies like The Cooperative Wholesale Society supplied retail societies with goods all over Empire. Conservative government after winning election in 1931 promoted people to ‘Buy British’.