How Did the Second World War Impact the British Empire?

  • Myths of ‘British superiority’ were crushed.
    • In 1942, Japan seized major European imperial possessions, including Singapore. Main British military and naval base in region. Subhas Chandra Bose called this ‘the end of the British Empire’.
    • Japanese also seized Hong Kong, overran Malaya and Burma and by summer of 1942 were poised to attack India itself. Japenese invasion narrowly averted in 1944.
  • India and Burma pushed for independence and were eventually lost after.
    • INA led by Subhas Chandra Bose fought with Japanese after defeat of Singapore in 1942, giving 30,000 troops.
    • Burma fought with Aung San under guidance of Japanese for independence, leaving Commonwealth after receiving it.
  • Britain’s economy and status as a superpower was crushed.
    • Australia and New Zealand began looking to America for support.
    • Independence and nationalist movements grew more because of this.

Battle of El Alamein in 1942 almost swept Britain of influence in Middle East from German and Italian threat.