Population structure – number or % of males and females in different age groups within. Demographic Dividend Potential for rapid economic growth in a country as its dependency ratio drops. Normally in stages 2 and 3 of the DTM. Death rate starts to decrease before...
Malthus Stated a population could grow more quickly than its capacity to feed itself because: populations can grow exponentially more and more rapidly, and food supply can only increase arithmetically at a constant rate. Predicted when population exceeds carrying...
Ozone Depletion O3 gas mainly found in upper atmosphere. Forms a layer that absorbs UV radiation. CFCs are substances found in aerosols and fridges in the past which have contributed to the thinning of the ozone layer, a distinct hole forming over Antarctica. Less...
Stage One: high birth rate and high death rate. Population stable but low. Births and deaths fluctuate. No countries in Stage 1. Tribes in parts of Brazilian rainforests. Birth rate high due to no family planning or contraception. Education poor. High infant mortality...
Role of women – female access to education and employment delays age of starting families. Educated women more likely to make choices about family size. HICs have lower birth rates and lower fertility rates (1.89 in UK compared to 6.6 in Niger). Attitudes towards...
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by parasites which are transmitted by mosquitoes. Mostly occurs in tropical climates e.g. sub-Saharan Africa. More than 200 million cases worldwide (2015) with 90% in Africa. Physical Mosquitoes can only thrive in warm...
CHD is the leading cause of death worldwide. Build-up of fatty substances in the arteries means the heart does not get enough blood. More common in HICs however this is decreasing due to improvements in diagnosing, treating and preventing. It is now increasing in LICs...
World Health Organisation (WHO) - established in 1948. Aims to promote health by: Advising national governments about health issues. Working with other international bodies to limit outbreaks of infectious diseases. Promoting research into health issues and provides...
North-west England near Liverpool. Population of around 147,000. Increasing number of over 65. Higher proportion of under 14 than national average. One of worst areas for premature deaths in UK. Life expectancy lower than average. Common causes of death – cancer,...
Birth rate – number of live births per 1000 per year. Death rate – number of deaths per 100 per year. Total fertility rate – average number of children a woman has during reproductive years. Infant mortality rate – number of children that die before their 1st birthday...
Global Population Environmental conditions mean populations are not evenly spread. Distribution is the pattern of the population, 90% of China live near east coast. Density is population divided by size of area people per km Bangladesh = 1200 per km2 whereas Libya = 4...
Topography Flood plains have high population density which when flooded can contaminate fresh water supplies leading to spread of waterborne disease. Relief results in areas of collected stagnant water which act as breeding grounds for mosquitos carrying disease....