- DEVOLUTION
- Introduction of Scottish Parliament (Scotland Act 1998), Welsh Assembly (Gov of Wales act 1998) and Northern Ireland Assembly (NI Act 1998).
- Introduction of a Greater London Authority which includes a mayor + GL assembly (GLA act 1999) – referendums were held to app the creation of these bodies + PR electoral systems.
- RIGHTS
- Human Rights Act (1998) – incorporated the ECHR into UK law.
- However, signatories of ECHR can request derogation from parts of the convention in special circumstances e.g. the UK sought derogation from Article 5 (liberty and security) after 9/11 in orderto indefinitely detain terror suspects at Belmarsh prison.
- PARLIAMENTARY/JUDICIAL
- Constitutional Reform Act (2005) – created SC (09) which led to clearer sep of power.
- House of Lords Act 1999 – removed all but 92 hereditary peers.
- Reforms failed to provide a solution for the problem of elective dictatorship, the central weakness of the UK’s system and lacked substantive parliamentary reform; there was no research into changing the Westminster electoral system or an elected second chamber.