How has the PM become more presidential?

  1. NATIONAL LEADER
  • PM is seen as a national leader in the UK and abroad.
  • Represents the UK in the EU, G8 and the UN.
  • The PM is expected to be a dominant political personality.
  • Election victory is treated as a personal mandate for the Pm.
  • Introduction of TV debated in 2010 reinforced focus on party leaders – 2010 debate recorded an audience of 10m.
  • In 2010, Nick Clegg’s performance was widely commended and resulted in a surge in popularity in the polls.
  • PMQ’s are also a perfect stage for the PM to control and portray the right image to the media about his government, when a Prime Minister is gifted in public speaking as David Cameron was, he is thereby able to maintain and reinforce the image of a strong stable government and avoid public scrutiny.
  1. SPATIAL LEADERSHIP
  • Suggests that political systems are increasingly led by leaders who consider themselves to be distinctly separate from the rest of the government.
  • Blair chose to adopt certain areas of policy as his own and attempted to dominate the political agenda by introducing his own policy initiatives above the heads of the relevant ministers. 
  • Blair did not consult the cabinet on Labour decision to hand the Bank of England power to set interest rates, Blair continued to rule presidentially following threats of global terror, launching new national security drones in 2003.
  • Spatial leadership continued under coalition with the use of the Quad as a form of policy coordination.
  • His domination of foreign policy shows a PM very separate from the rest of the government.
  • There was a reduced relationship with cabinet and party under early Blair.
  • Cabinet meetings were only 45 minutes.
  • “Sofa government” was used.
  • Cameron stopped ministers having so much power after Lansley’s reforms, such as doing “U-turns” on the sale of public forests, school sports and school milk.
  1. PM CAN DOMINATE PARLIAMENT
  • Westminster’s fused government model which means that the government and thus the PM, can dominate parliament by passing most legislation they want.
  • The prime minster has sovereignty over decisions regarding foreign affairs or defence as they’re granted to him by the royal prerogative, but he can involve parliament in its decisions as Cameron did in 2011 and 2014 with Libya and Syria respectively.
  • Unlike the strict separation of powers in the USA, the fused governmental Parliamentary model in the UK means that the government possess considerable political sovereignty.
  • This is because the executive will always be appointed from the winning party in the general election for the House of Commons.
  • Furthermore, governmental ministers who also sit in the commons or lords enjoy parliamentary privilege to start the vast majority of new legislation which gets passed due to numerical advantage.
  • Governments with large majorities can pass what they want.