- Circadian rhythm: pattern of behavioral activity aligned with 24 hour cycle (AKA biological clock); daily cycle of rest and activity
- Can persist without external cues but cues can help → light can maintain synchronization
- Biological rhythms can be linked to light/dark and lunar cycles
- Can persist without external cues but cues can help → light can maintain synchronization
- Day/Night Rhythms found in all animals in response to predator habits or environment
- Diurnal animals are active during day and sleep at night
- Communicate mostly with auditory and visual signals
- Nocturnal animals are active at night and rest during day
- Communicate mostly with auditory and olfactory signals
Changes to Behavioral Rhythms in Response to Season Changes
- Causes for changes in behavioral rhythms → seasonal changes → changes in weather, length of day, availability of food
- So animals adjust behavior to maximize fitness and take advantage of benefits
- Hibernation: extended period of sleep to avoid hostile environment during winter
- Hibernating reduces energy & metabolic maintenance by lowering body temperature and using fat as energy
- Estivation: dormancy during summer
- Protect from drying out by burrowing or climbing in plants
- Courtship and mating: often during spring with warmer weather and more food → provide energy and nourishment
- Migration