Free Energy at Nonstandard Conditions
- Enthalpy does not depend on volume or pressure, but entropy does
○ Positional probability: 
- A decreasing ΔG means that the favorability of the forward reaction is increasing (reaction shifts right)
- An increasing ΔG means that the favorability of the forward reaction is decreasing (reaction shifts left)
Equilibrium and Favorability
| Value of ΔG° | +ΔG° | ΔG° = 0 | ΔG° = – |
| Value of K | K < 1 | K = 1 | K > 1 |
| Value of ΔH° & TΔS° | ΔH° > TΔS° | ΔH° = TΔS° | ΔH° < TΔS° |
- Justify if a reaction is spontaneous: refer to equation and explain if ΔG° will be more negative or more positive
Free Energy and Work
- The maximum amount of useful work obtainable from a process at constant temp and pressure equals the change in free energy (energy “free” to do work)
