3.2.1 Producing monoclonal antibodies
Monoclonal antibodies
- Produced from single clone of cells
- Specific to one binding site on an antigen
- Target specific chemical / cell in body
Production of monoclonal antibodies
- Vaccinate mouse to stimulate mouse lymphocytes to make a particular antibody
- Combine lymphocytes with a particular type of tumour cell to make hybridoma cell
- Hybridoma cell can both divide & make antibody
- Single hybridoma cell cloned to produce many identical cells that produce same antibody
- Large amount of antibody collected & purified
3.2.2 Uses of monoclonal antibodies
Pregnancy test
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Diagnosis of disease eg cancer
(Treat some disease)
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How?
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Measuring & monitoring | Measure & monitor level of hormones & other chemicals in blood to detect pathogens / drugs |
Research
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How?
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But
- Create more side effects than expected eg fever
- Not as widely used